Mysql COMMANDS

To login (from unix shell) use -h only if needed.

# [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -h hostname -u root -p
Create a database on the sql server.

mysql> create database [databasename];
List all databases on the sql server.

mysql> show databases;
Switch to a database.

mysql> use [db name];
To see all the tables in the db.

mysql> show tables;
To see database's field formats.

mysql> describe [table name];
To delete a db.

mysql> drop database [database name];
To delete a table.

mysql> drop table [table name];
Show all data in a table.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name];
Returns the columns and column information pertaining to the designated table.

mysql> show columns from [table name];
Show certain selected rows with the value "whatever".

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE [field name] = "whatever";
Show all records containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444'.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name = "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444';
Show all records not containing the name "Bob" AND the phone number '3444444' order by the phone_number field.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name != "Bob" AND phone_number = '3444444' order by phone_number;
Show all records starting with the letters 'bob' AND the phone number '3444444'.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like "Bob%" AND phone_number = '3444444';
Show all records starting with the letters 'bob' AND the phone number '3444444' limit to records 1 through 5.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like "Bob%" AND phone_number = '3444444' limit 1,5;
Use a regular expression to find records. Use "REGEXP BINARY" to force case-sensitivity. This finds any record beginning with a.

mysql> SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE rec RLIKE "^a";
Show unique records.

mysql> SELECT DISTINCT [column name] FROM [table name];
Show selected records sorted in an ascending (asc) or descending (desc).

mysql> SELECT [col1],[col2] FROM [table name] ORDER BY [col2] DESC;
Return number of rows.

mysql> SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [table name];
Sum column.

mysql> SELECT SUM(*) FROM [table name];
Join tables on common columns.

mysql> select lookup.illustrationid, lookup.personid,person.birthday from lookup left join person on lookup.personid=person.personid=statement to join birthday in person table with primary illustration id;
Creating a new user. Login as root. Switch to the MySQL db. Make the user. Update privs.

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> INSERT INTO user (Host,User,Password) VALUES('%','username',PASSWORD('password'));
mysql> flush privileges;
Change a users password from unix shell.

# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqladmin -u username -h hostname.blah.org -p password 'new-password'
Change a users password from MySQL prompt. Login as root. Set the password. Update privs.

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> SET PASSWORD FOR 'user'@'hostname' = PASSWORD('passwordhere');
mysql> flush privileges;
Recover a MySQL root password. Stop the MySQL server process. Start again with no grant tables. Login to MySQL as root. Set new password. Exit MySQL and restart MySQL server.

# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
# mysql -u root
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update user set password=PASSWORD("newrootpassword") where User='root';
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit
# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
# /etc/init.d/mysql start
Set a root password if there is on root password.

# mysqladmin -u root password newpassword
Update a root password.

# mysqladmin -u root -p oldpassword newpassword
Allow the user "bob" to connect to the server from localhost using the password "passwd". Login as root. Switch to the MySQL db. Give privs. Update privs.

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> grant usage on *.* to bob@localhost identified by 'passwd';
mysql> flush privileges;
Give user privilages for a db. Login as root. Switch to the MySQL db. Grant privs. Update privs.

# mysql -u root -p
mysql> use mysql;
mysql> INSERT INTO db (Host,Db,User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Update_priv,Delete_priv,Create_priv,Drop_priv) VALUES ('%','databasename','username','Y','Y','Y','Y','Y','N');
mysql> flush privileges;

or

mysql> grant all privileges on databasename.* to username@localhost;
mysql> flush privileges;
To update info already in a table.

mysql> UPDATE [table name] SET Select_priv = 'Y',Insert_priv = 'Y',Update_priv = 'Y' where [field name] = 'user';
Delete a row(s) from a table.

mysql> DELETE from [table name] where [field name] = 'whatever';
Update database permissions/privilages.

mysql> flush privileges;
Delete a column.

mysql> alter table [table name] drop column [column name];
Add a new column to db.

mysql> alter table [table name] add column [new column name] varchar (20);
Change column name.

mysql> alter table [table name] change [old column name] [new column name] varchar (50);
Make a unique column so you get no dupes.

mysql> alter table [table name] add unique ([column name]);
Make a column bigger.

mysql> alter table [table name] modify [column name] VARCHAR(3);
Delete unique from table.

mysql> alter table [table name] drop index [colmn name];
Load a CSV file into a table.

mysql> LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/filename.csv' replace INTO TABLE [table name] FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' LINES TERMINATED BY '\n' (field1,field2,field3);
Dump all databases for backup. Backup file is sql commands to recreate all db's.

# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword --opt >/tmp/alldatabases.sql
Dump one database for backup.

# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u username -ppassword --databases databasename >/tmp/databasename.sql
Dump a table from a database.

# [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -c -u username -ppassword databasename tablename > /tmp/databasename.tablename.sql
Restore database (or database table) from backup.

# [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword databasename < /tmp/databasename.sql
Create Table Example 1.

mysql> CREATE TABLE [table name] (firstname VARCHAR(20), middleinitial VARCHAR(3), lastname VARCHAR(35),suffix VARCHAR(3),officeid VARCHAR(10),userid VARCHAR(15),username VARCHAR(8),email VARCHAR(35),phone VARCHAR(25), groups VARCHAR(15),datestamp DATE,timestamp time,pgpemail VARCHAR(255));
Create Table Example 2.

mysql> create table [table name] (personid int(50) not null auto_increment primary key,firstname varchar(35),middlename varchar(50),lastnamevarchar(50) default 'bato');

SOURCE: http://www.pantz.org/software/mysql/mysqlcommands.html

How to backup MySQL database? - using mysqldump -

MySQL is one of the most used Databases in Linux, (if not the most).

It is a great Database engine, but anyway it could have problems, or your server, if it goes out of power for instance, you could loose a lot of data, so backing up is always a good idea.

A good command for doing this is mysqldump, this is a Linux shell mysql command, so you may need ssh access to the server to run it. (Later I will publish a php version of this)

What mysqldump really does is to create a script with the structure and the data to create and populate a "restored" Database with the data of the "backed up" Database

So let's go to the How To.

The most simple way is to issue this command:

mysqldump -u [user] -p [database_name] > [backupfile].dump

This command is going to ask you for the [user] password and then will create a script which later can be used to retore the data.

Another way is to use the optimized way.

mysqldump --opt -u [user_name] -p [database_name] > [backup_file].dump

This command will use an optimized method, and will include in the script MySQL commands that will erase (drop) tables that already exists and create them again before populate the data inside.

Maybe the best way to run this command is to use the option of gzip the output file. (for obvious reasons)

mysqldump --opt -u [user_name] -p [database_name] | gzip > [backup_file].dump.gz

Once you have your backup file, you may want to restore it someday, this is the way to do it. (remember tu unzip your file, if zipped, before). Run the following command from normal command promt:

mysql [database_name] < [backup_file].dump
Remeber that you can run

man mysqldump
for more help.


Source:
http://www.go2linux.org/mysql-backup-mysqldump

how do i install a database dump into another database

Qs.i have a new database called 'jabb' and i want install the dump file 'sample.sql' into it?.. ive tried mysqldump --opt jabb > sample.sql but when i chek jabb, there aren't no tables.. do i still have to make the tables before dumping?

Ans:
mysqldump jabb -u [username] -p > sample.sql
Should export the table jabb from mysql to SQL syntax in a file called sample.sql. (if this isn't what you wanted to do you may have to get a fresh file.) open this file:

gedit sample.sql (I'd use vim sample.sql)

And check that the file contains the table.

The command for importing a dump is something like

mysql jabb -u[username] -p < sample.sql

If that doesn't work then I think you must not have mysql users set up correctly (check out the mysql manual - it's actually

Source: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=598130

Getting started with mysql on linux

Getting started with MySQL is really easy. First you want to install the mysql server. Then you can start the server with this command:

Code:

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql start

Then, because intially the root user has no password, we want to set the password like this:

Code:

mysqladmin -u root password myPassword

You can now login to the mysql server with this:

Code:

mysql -u root -p

You'll need to type in the password that you entered earlier.

Every new MySQL install has 2 databases: mysql and test. Do NOT screw up your mysql database because here is where all the permission and user info is. The test DB is for you to play around with.The MySQL documentation is excellent. You'll probably want to set up a new user next. The MySQL docs can help you there.
Source: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=13245


Error: #mysqladmin -u root password root123

mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)'
ANS:
This error normally comes when you have already set the root password and forgot it. So just change the root password by following method:
1. Stop the MySQL Server.

sudo /etc/init.d/mysql stop


2. Start the mysqld configuration.

sudo mysqld --skip-grant-tables &


3. Open a new tab and
Login to MySQL as root.

mysql -u root mysql


4. Replace YOURNEWPASSWORD with your new password!

UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('YOURNEWPASSWORD') WHERE User='root'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; exit;
5. Now stop the mysqld by pressing Ctr + C and start mysql by following command
/etc/init.d/mysql start


6. login to the mysql server with this new Password:
mysql -u root -p
Enter Password.


Note: This method is not regarded as the securest way of resetting the password. However it works.


References

MySQL 5.0 Reference Manual: How to Reset the Root Password